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Schafkopf kostenlos download vollversion: How to play the classic Bavarian card game online
If you are looking for a fun and challenging card game that is easy to learn but hard to master, you might want to try Schafkopf, the national card game of Bavaria. Schafkopf is a trick-taking game for four players that has been played for centuries in Germany and other German-speaking countries. In this article, we will tell you everything you need to know about Schafkopf, from its history and rules to its strategy and tips. We will also show you how to download Schafkopf for free and play online with your friends or other players from around the world.
What is Schafkopf and why is it popular?
Schafkopf is a card game that belongs to the Ace-Ten family, which means that the Aces and Tens are the most valuable cards in terms of points. Schafkopf uses a 32-card deck with four suits: Acorns, Leaves, Hearts, and Bells. Each suit has eight cards: Ober (officer), Unter (sergeant), Ace (also called Sau or Pig), Ten, King, Nine, Eight, and Seven. The Obers and Unters are permanent trumps, ranking above the Ace of trumps. The trump suit can be changed by the player who wins the bidding process, which determines the type of game that will be played.
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The history and origin of Schafkopf
Schafkopf dates back to the 18th century or earlier and is the oldest member of the Schafkopf family, which also includes Doppelkopf, Skat, and Sheepshead. The name Schafkopf means "sheep's head" in German, but there are different theories about its origin. One suggestion is that it comes from the practice of marking points scored with chalk lines on a board, forming a stylized sheep's head. Another is that it comes from "Schaffen" and "Kopf", meaning "to work one's brain". A third theory is that it comes from playing on the lids (Köpfen) of wooden beer casks (Schaff).
Schafkopf was first recorded in 1803 in Altenburg, where it was played by the polite society. It was popular in Franconia (northern Bavaria) in the first half of the 19th century, but the modern Bavarian version emerged in 1879 and became dominant. Today, Schafkopf is an official cultural asset and an important part of the Old Bavarian way of life. It is played by around two million people in Bavaria and elsewhere in Germany and Austria. It is considered "the supreme discipline of Bavarian card games" and "the mother of all trump games".
The rules and variants of Schafkopf
The rules of Schafkopf are based on the official guidelines published by the Schafkopf School in Munich. However, there are many traditional rules and variants that can vary from region to region. The basic rules are as follows:
Four players sit crosswise at a table, forming two teams of two.
The first dealer is chosen by drawing cards; the highest card wins.
The dealer shuffles and has the player to his right cut the deck.
The dealer deals eight cards to each player in batches of three or four.
The player to the dealer's left starts the bidding process by either passing or announcing a game The game can be one of the following types:
Type
Trump suit
Points
Multiplier
Rufspiel (call game)
Hearts
Normal
x1
Solo (solo game)
Any suit chosen by the soloist
Normal
x3
Wenz (wenzel game)
Only the Unters are trumps
Normal
x2
Geier (vulture game)
Only the Obers are trumps
Normal
x2
Tout (tout game)
Same as solo or wenz, but the soloist must take all tricks
Doubled
x4 or x6
Sie (sie game)
None, but the player who holds all four Obers must announce it and win all tricksDoubled and quadrupledx24 or x48
The bidding process ends when either a game is announced or all players pass. If all players pass, the cards are thrown in and the next dealer deals. If a game is announced, the player who announced it becomes the declarer and plays against the other three players, who form a temporary alliance. The declarer can also have a partner in some cases, such as in a call game, where the declarer calls for the Ace of a non-trump suit and the player who holds it becomes his partner. The declarer's team must score more than half of the total points (61 out of 120) to win the game. The points are counted according to the following table:
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CardPoints >Ace (Sau)11 >Ten (Zehner)10 >Ober (officer)4 >Unter (sergeant)2 >King (König)4 >Nine, Eight, Seven (Neuner, Achter, Siebener)0
The player to the dealer's left leads the first trick by playing any card from his hand. The other players must follow suit if possible; otherwise, they can play any card. The player who plays the highest trump or the highest card of the led suit wins the trick and leads the next one. The game ends when all eight tricks have been played. The declarer's team scores one point for winning the game, plus additional points for special achievements, such as winning by a large margin, taking no tricks, or holding certain combinations of cards. The points are multiplied by the multiplier of the game type and by any further modifiers, such as playing with or without Schneider (announcing that the opponents will score less than 30 or 0 points). The losing team can also score points for special achievements, such as taking at least one trick in a tout game.
The strategy and tips for Schafkopf
Schafkopf is a game that requires skill, memory, and teamwork. Here are some general tips to improve your Schafkopf skills:
Analyze your hand and decide whether to bid or pass. A good hand for a solo game should have at least four trumps, including at least one Ober or Unter, and some high cards in a suit that is not Hearts. A good hand for a call game should have at least six trumps, including at least two Obers or Unters, and an Ace of a non-trump suit that you can call.
Pay attention to the cards that have been played and try to remember them. This will help you to estimate what cards your opponents and partner have and what cards are still in the deck.
Communicate with your partner by playing certain cards or signals. For example, you can play an Ace of a non-trump suit to show your partner that you have the Ace of that suit and want him to play it. You can also play a low card of a non-trump suit to show your partner that you do not have the Ace of that suit and want him to avoid it.
Play defensively or aggressively depending on the situation. If you are the declarer, you want to take as many tricks as possible and score as many points as possible. If you are the defender, you want to prevent the declarer from taking tricks and scoring points. You can also try to make the declarer lose by taking his partner's Ace or by forcing him to pla